The sensor responsible for volume air flow is located at the air filter housing end of the air intake duct. It contains a platinum hot wire and thermistor inside a control circuit in plastic housing. This device has a hot wire sensing element that measures the amount of air entering the engine. As the throttle valve opens, more air passes over the hot wire causing it to cool. The current through the hot wire is adjusted by the circuit to keep it at a constant temperature. The change in current alters the output voltage signal, which is measured by the PCM and converted into a digital waveform used to calculate the fuel injector pulse width to control the injectors. Beginning with models from 1996, the sensor includes a barometric pressure sensor and an Intake Air Temperature sensor. If either of those is being replaced Volume Air Flow sensor needs to be replaced too. To change the sensor, turn the ignition key off, disconnect the electrical connector and remove the air intake duct and air filter housing. Detach the sensor by removing the retaining nuts, and fit the new one, reversing the removal steps.